蓖麻 Ricinus communis

  • Scientific Name: Ricinus communis L.
  • Ref: Sp. Pl.:1007. 1753
  • Synonyms:
    • Cataputia major Ludw.
    • C. minor Ludw.
    • Croton spinosus L.
    • Ricinus africanus Mill.
    • R. angulatus Thunb.
    • R. armatus Andrews
    • R. atropurpureus Pax & K.Hoffm.
    • R. badius Rchb.
    • R. borboniensis Pax & K.Hoffm.
    • R. cambodgensis Benary
    • R. compactus Huber
    • R. digitatus Noronha
    • R. europaeus T.Nees
    • R. giganteus Pax & K.Hoffm.
    • R. glaucus Hoffmanns.
    • R. hybridus Besser
    • R. inermis Mill.
    • R. japonicus Thunb.
    • R. krappa Steud.
    • R. laevis DC.
    • R. leucocarpus Bertol.
    • R. lividus Jacq.
    • R. macrophyllus Bertol.
    • R. medicus Forssk.
    • R. medius J.F.Gmel.
    • R. megalosperma Delile
    • R. metallicus Pax & K.Hoffm.
    • R. microcarpus Popova
    • R. minor Mill.
    • R. nanus Balb.
    • R. obermannii Groenland
    • R. peltatus Noronha
    • R. perennis Steud.
    • R. persicus Popova
    • R. purpurascens Bertol.
    • R. ruber Miq.
    • R. rugosus Mill.
    • R. rutilans Müll.Arg.
    • R. sanguineus Groenland
    • R. scaber Bertol. ex Moris
    • R. speciosus Burm.f.
    • R. spectabilis Blume
    • R. tunisensis Desf.
    • R. undulatus Besser
    • R. urens Mill.
    • R. viridis Willd.
    • R. vulgaris Garsault
    • R. vulgaris Mill.
    • R. zanzibarinus Popova
  • English Common Name: castor bean
  • Chinese Common Name: 蓖麻 bìmá
  • Japanese Common Name: トウゴマ [唐胡麻] tōgoma, ヒマ [蓖麻] hima
  • Family: Euphorbiaceae
  • Genus: Ricinus
  • Distribution: Cultivated, ruderal weed, sometimes naturalized in riverbeds; below 100-500(-2300) m. Throughout China [cultivated worldwide].
Herbs erect, often single-stemmed but sometimes bushlike or treelike, 2-5(-10) m tall; younger parts glaucous, whole plant often reddish or purplish. Stipules connate, 2-3 cm; petiole 20-40 cm; leaf blade palmately 7-11-lobed, 30-50(-100) × 30-50(-100) cm, margin serrate. Inflorescence to 30 cm. Male flowers: pedicels 5-17 mm; calyx lobes 5-8 × 3-5 mm; stamens 7-8 mm. Female flowers: pedicels 5-10 mm; sepals ca. 5 mm; styles 2-5 mm. Fruiting pedicel to 45 mm; capsule ellipsoid or ovoid, 1.5-2.5 cm, echinate, spines to ca. 5 mm, sometimes smooth. Seed 7-12 mm, grayish, silvery, or beige with darker markings; caruncle depressed-conical, 2-3 mm wide. Fl. Jun-Sep, or Jan-Dec. (Flora of China)

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