• Scientific Name: Pinus massoniana Lamb.
• Ref: Descr. Pinus 1:17. 1803
• English Common Name: horsetail pine, Masson’s pine, Chinese red pine
• Chinese Common Name: 马尾松 mǎwěi∙sōng
• Japanese Common Name: バビショウ [馬尾松] babishō, タイワンアカマツ [台湾赤松] taiwan-akamatsu
• Family: Pinaceae
• Genus: Pinus
• Distribution: Plains, hills, mountains; near sea level to 2000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, W Henan, Hubei, Hunan, S Jiangsu, Jiangxi, SE Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, E Yunnan, Zhejiang
• Photo: 04/04/2013

Trees to 45 m tall; trunk to 1.5 m d.b.h.; bark red-brown toward apex of trunk, gray- or red-brown toward base, irregularly scaly and flaking; crown broadly pyramidal or umbrellalike; branchlets usually growing twice per year, yellowish brown, occasionally glaucous; winter buds brown, ovoid-cylindric or cylindric. Needles 2(or 3) per bundle, slightly twisted, 12-20 cm, stomatal lines present on all surfaces, resin canals 4-8, marginal, base with persistent sheath. Seed cones pendulous, shortly pedunculate, green, turning chestnut brown at maturity, ovoid, conical-ovoid, or ovoid-cylindric, 2.5-7 × 2.5-5 cm. Seed scales suboblong-obovoid or subsquare; apophyses rhombic, slightly swollen or flat, slightly transversely ridged; umbo flattened, slightly sunken, blunt or shortly mucronate in apical part of cone. Seeds narrowly ovoid, 4-6 mm; wing 1.6-2.1 cm. Pollination Apr-May, seed maturity Oct-Dec of 2nd year. (Flora of China)