• Scientific Name: Tsuga chinensis (Franchet) E. Pritzel
• Ref: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 217. 1900
• Synonym: Abies chinensis Franchet, J. Bot. (Morot) 13: 259. 1899; Tsuga chinensis var. tchekiangensis (Flous) W. C. Cheng & L. K. Fu; T. dumosa (D. Don) Eichler var. chinensis (Franchet) E. Pritzel; T. tchekiangensis Flous.
• English Common Name: Chinese hemlock
• Chinese Common Name: 铁杉 tiěshān
• Japanese Common Name: シナツガ [シナ栂] shinatsuga
• Family: Pinaceae
• Genus: Tsuga
• Distribution: Mountains, river basins; 1000-3200 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, NW Guizhou, W Henan, W Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang
• Photo: 03/15/2014
• Type specimen: 南方铁杉 Tsuga tchekiangensis Flous in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 69: 6, f. 1–12. 1936. Kingyuan, southern Chekiang, 1924-08-11, R.C. Ching 2400 (Holotype,NY)

Trees to 50 m tall; trunk to 1.6 m d.b.h.; bark dark gray, longitudinally fissured, flaking; crown pyramidal; branchlets brown-yellow or grayish yellow initially, turning grayish yellow, gray, or brownish gray in 2nd or 3rd year, slender, pubescent; winter bud scales appressed or keeled at base of branchlets. Leaves pectinately arranged, linear, 1.2-2.7 cm × 2-3 mm, abaxial stomatal bands grayish green, margin entire, apex obtuse, entire or emarginate. Seed cones light green, maturing pale gray-yellow or pale brown, ovoid-globose to cylindric or obovoid-oblong, 1.5-4 × 1.2-2.5 cm. Seed scales at middle of cones densely arranged, square-orbicular, pentagonal-ovate, or compressed orbicular, 0.9-1.2 × 0.8-1.1 cm, apex rounded or nearly truncate. Bracts cuneate-obovate or obtriangular, apex erose. Seeds 7-9 mm including obliquely ovate wing. Pollination Apr, seed maturity Oct. (Flora of China)